INFLUENCE OF CHORD STRESS ON AXIAL STRENGTH OF CIRCULAR TUBULAR TX-JOINTS

ABSTRACT Normally the chord stress has a remarkable effect on the static strength of tubular joints and some research has been done on planar tubular joints such as X-joints. This paper analyzes the influence of chord stress on axial strength of multiplanar circular tubular TX-joints with FE package ANSYS. The numerical analyses conclude that the chord compression and tension both reduce the strength but in different extents. The chord in compression always reduces the strength. A low chord tension may not reduce the strength but a high chord tension may reduce the strength significantly

Perspectives on Immunotherapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer, especially liver metastasis, is still a challenge worldwide. Traditional treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been difficult to be further advanced. We need to develop new treatment methods to further improve the poor prognosis of these patients. The emergence of immunotherapy has brought light to mCRC patients, especially those with dMMR. Based on several large trials, some drugs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) have been approved by US Food and Drug Administration to treat the patients diagnosed with dMMR tumors. However, immunotherapy has reached a bottleneck for other MSS tumors, with low response rate and poor PFS and OS. Therefore, more clinical trials are underway toward mCRC patients, especially those with MSS. This review is intended to summarize the existing clinical trials to illustrate the development of immunotherapy in mCRC patients, and to provide a new thinking for the direction and experimental design of immunotherapy in the future